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Roadmap for Self-Studying MBBS Theory (India)

Published by mayankkashyap on April 2, 2025

This roadmap is organized year-wise, aligning with the Indian MBBS curriculum. It covers all theoretical subjects from First Year to Final Year. Each subject section outlines core topics, recommends online resources (free and paid), and lists standard textbooks commonly used in India. This plan enables an independent learner to follow the MBBS syllabus without clinical or lab access.

First Year MBBS (Pre-Clinical)

Subjects: Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry. These foundational subjects provide essential knowledge about the human body’s structure and function (MBBS Subjects For 2024: Year-Wise Syllabus And Structure.). First-year topics include gross anatomy, basic physiology of organ systems, and biochemical processes (MBBS 1st Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise, Recommended Books).

Anatomy

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Gross Anatomy: Regional anatomy of the body (e.g. upper limb, lower limb, thorax, abdomen, head & neck) and organ systems in situ.
  • Microscopic Anatomy (Histology): Microscopic structure of tissues and organs.
  • Neuroanatomy: Anatomy of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
  • Embryology: Developmental biology, covering how organs and systems form before birth.
  • Genetics & Radiological Anatomy: Basics of human genetics and interpretation of anatomical imaging (MBBS 1st Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise, Recommended Books).

Recommended Online Resources:

Standard Textbooks:

Physiology

Core Topics to Cover:

  • General Physiology: Homeostasis, cell membrane transport, acid-base balance, and body fluid compartments.
  • Systemic Physiology: Functioning of major systems – cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, nervous system, endocrine and reproductive physiology.
  • Blood and Immune System: Blood composition, hemostasis, hematology, and basics of immunology.
  • Nerve and Muscle Physiology: Nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction mechanisms.
  • Applied Physiology: Exercise physiology, environmental physiology, and an introduction to Yoga and health (as per new curriculum) (MBBS 1st Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise, Recommended Books).

Recommended Online Resources:

Standard Textbooks:

Biochemistry

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Biomolecules Structure & Function: Amino acids and proteins (enzymes, hemoglobin), carbohydrates, lipids (plasma membranes, cholesterol) – their chemistry and roles (MBBS 1st Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise, Recommended Books).
  • Metabolic Pathways: Metabolism of carbohydrates (glycolysis, TCA cycle), lipids (β-oxidation, fatty acid synthesis), proteins (urea cycle), and nucleic acids. Integration and regulation of metabolism, including nutrition and vitamins.
  • Molecular Biology & Genetics: DNA/RNA structure, replication, transcription, translation; gene expression regulation; basics of recombinant DNA and biotechnology (MBBS 1st Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise, Recommended Books).
  • Hormonal Biochemistry: Endocrine gland hormones, signaling mechanisms, and metabolic effects.
  • Clinical Biochemistry: pH and buffers, liver and kidney function tests, enzymes in diagnosis, free radicals, cancer markers, and inborn errors of metabolism.

Recommended Online Resources:

Standard Textbooks:

Second Year MBBS (Para-Clinical)

Subjects: Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, and Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. In second year, students learn disease mechanisms and drug actions, bridging basic science and clinical practice (MBBS Subjects For 2024: Year-Wise Syllabus And Structure.). (Note: Community Medicine also begins in second year, but its major part is in third year).

Pathology

Core Topics to Cover:

  • General Pathology: Cellular adaptations, cell injury and death, inflammation and healing, hemodynamic disorders (edema, thrombosis, shock), immune pathology, and neoplasia (tumor biology) (MBBS 2nd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester, Recommended Books).
  • Systemic Pathology: Disease mechanisms as they affect each organ system – e.g. cardiovascular pathology (atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction), respiratory (pneumonias, COPD), renal (glomerulonephritis), liver (hepatitis, cirrhosis), etc (MBBS 2nd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester, Recommended Books).
  • Hematology: Disorders of blood cells (anemias, leukemias), bleeding and coagulation disorders.
  • Clinical Pathology: Basics of lab medicine – urine analysis, blood counts, etc., which integrate with practicals.

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Pathoma (Husain Sattar’s lectures) – While the full course is paid, the first three chapters (covering cellular injury, inflammation, neoplasia) are freely available and provide an excellent conceptual framework. Dr. Devesh Mishra’s YouTube channel (Indian faculty) offers free pathology lectures and pathology MCQ discussions, which are helpful for exam-oriented study. Armando Hasudungan (YouTube) illustrates pathophysiology with hand-drawn videos (useful for complex topics like nephron pathology). Osmosis and Ninja Nerd also have free videos on select pathological conditions (e.g. tuberculosis pathology, cancer biology).
  • Paid: Marrow Pathology – includes video lectures by pathology experts (integrating Robbins images) and concise notes focusing on high-yield points (e.g. the Robbins “Rapid Review” points). PrepLadder Pathology – similarly comprehensive, often featuring diagrams from Robbins & Cotran for visual aid. Both offer Qbanks to test understanding of disease mechanisms. Pathoma book + videos (paid) is a highly regarded resource for revising pathology quickly; many Indian students use it alongside standard texts for clarity on topics like leukemia or immunopathology. Lecturio Pathology is another option with an organ-system approach to pathology and integrated quiz questions.

Standard Textbooks:

  • Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease – the definitive textbook for pathology; provides detailed explanations and images (MBBS Subjects For 2024: Year-Wise Syllabus And Structure.). (For self-study, the Robbins Basic Pathology (smaller version) or Robbins Atlas can be useful for summary and visuals.)
  • Harsh Mohan’s Textbook of Pathology – a popular Indian textbook with simpler language and many color diagrams, suitable for exam preparation (MBBS 2nd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester, Recommended Books).
  • Rapid Review Pathology by Edward Goljan (optional) – a review book with high-yield summaries and USMLE-style questions, used by some for quick revision.

Pharmacology

Core Topics to Cover:

  • General Pharmacology: Principles of pharmacokinetics (drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) and pharmacodynamics (mechanisms of drug action, receptors), along with adverse drug reactions.
  • Autonomic Nervous System Pharmacology: Parasympathetic and sympathetic drugs (cholinergics, anticholinergics, adrenergic agonists/antagonists) (MBBS 2nd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester, Recommended Books).
  • Central Nervous System Drugs: Sedatives, antiepileptics, antiparkinsonian drugs, antipsychotics, antidepressants, opioids, etc.
  • Cardiovascular and Renal Pharmacology: Antihypertensives, anti-anginals, anti-arrhythmics, diuretics.
  • Antimicrobial Agents: Antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiparasitic drugs – classifications and mechanisms.
  • Other Systems: Endocrine pharmacology (insulin, thyroid, steroids), Chemotherapy (cancer drugs), Respiratory drugs (bronchodilators), Gastrointestinal drugs, Hematologic drugs (coagulation modifiers).

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Khan Academy Pharmacology – a series of free videos covering pharmacological concepts (e.g. receptor signaling, specific drug classes like beta-blockers). Ninja Nerd also has pharmacology lectures for various drug classes on YouTube. Some Indian educators have uploaded pharma revision lectures; for example, searching YouTube for “KD Tripathi lectures” might yield recorded classroom sessions based on the famous textbook. Another engaging resource is SketchyPharm – a visual mnemonic-based video series (paid) for pharmacology; though not free, many students find the method helpful for memorization (alternatively, free sketch notes can sometimes be found on student forums).
  • Paid: Marrow Pharmacology – offers organized lectures covering each drug class with clinical correlations (often taught by clinicians to emphasize practical use). It includes an extensive question bank mirroring NEET PG pattern (pharma has many recall questions). PrepLadder Pharmacology – high-yield video lectures (e.g. by Dr. Gobind Rai Garg, if available) focusing on mechanisms and important drug names, supplemented by their Pharmacology Essence notes. Lecturio Pharmacology – a global resource with animations (e.g. showing how drugs affect synapses or cardiac cells) – good for understanding mechanisms. Additionally, Osmosis provides succinct pharmacology overview videos (e.g. one for each major antibiotic class).

Standard Textbooks:

Microbiology

Core Topics to Cover:

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Osmosis & Armando’s YouTube – for concise overviews of microbes (e.g. Osmosis has quick summaries of viruses like HIV, Armando illustrates life cycles of parasites). SketchyMicro – a renowned visual memory tool for microbiology (paid, but many students use its creative stories to recall microbes; some free sample videos or user-made summary charts can be found online). Dr. Najeeb covers Immunology fundamentals (e.g. complement system, MHC) which can build a base for micro-immunology. Additionally, look for WHO/CDC webinars or tutorials on infection (for example, CDC’s YouTube has some lectures on TB and HIV). Some Indian professors’ lectures (like Dr. Apurba Sastry or Dr. Ananthnarayan if available) might be found on academic YouTube channels, covering lab diagnosis techniques.
  • Paid: Marrow Microbiology – comprehensive videos that cover each microorganism with clinical cases (helpful for remembering disease presentations). Marrow’s QBank also integrates micro with pharmacology (e.g. matching bugs to drugs). PrepLadder Microbiology – similarly covers the syllabus; for instance, content by educators like Dr. Sonu Panwar is noted to be concise and high-yield (as per student discussions) (Which are some good youtube channels for 2nd year mbbs..particularly microbiology : r/indianmedschool). Lecturio Microbiology – offers structured micro courses (with separate modules for bacteria, viruses, etc.) along with quiz questions for retention. Kaplan Medical’s Microbiology (if accessible) can also be a useful video series as it’s designed for USMLE but aligns well with UG micro content.

Standard Textbooks:

  • Ananthanarayan & Paniker’s Textbook of Microbiology – the standard Indian textbook covering all aspects of micro and immunology in a student-friendly manner.
  • Essentials of Medical Microbiology by Apurba Sastry – a newer Indian text that is exam-oriented and updated with recent disease outbreaks.
  • Jawetz, Melnick & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology – an internationally used text, good for reference or alternate explanations.
  • Clinical Microbiology Made Ridiculously Simple by Mark Gladwin – a supplementary book that simplifies microbiology with mnemonics and cartoons (MBBS Subjects For 2024: Year-Wise Syllabus And Structure.), useful for quick revision.
  • Textbook of Parasitology by S.C. Parija or K.D. Chatterjee (for parasitology specifically) (MBBS 2nd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester, Recommended Books), often referenced for detailed life cycles and diagrams.

Forensic Medicine & Toxicology (FMT)

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Forensic Pathology: Medico-legal investigation of death – types of death, post-mortem changes, autopsy procedures, determination of time since death, and examination of wounds/injuries (mechanical injuries, firearms, burns).
  • Medical Jurisprudence: Legal responsibilities of a doctor – legal procedures, courts, obtaining consent, medical negligence, injury report writing, and documentation (like death certificates). Also cover forensic identification (fingerprints, DNA, forensic anthropology basics).
  • Toxicology: Common poisons – their signs, symptoms, management, and post-mortem findings. This includes household poisons (organophosphates, kerosene), agricultural poisons, heavy metals (arsenic, lead), corrosives, sedative overdose, etc., and also substance abuse toxicology (alcohol, narcotics).
  • Forensic Psychiatry & Others: Basics of mental health laws, criminal responsibility, and sexual offenses (like examination in rape cases), as well as relevant sections of the IPC/CrPC in medicolegal cases.

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: For FMT, resources are relatively limited. National Digital Library of India (NDL) and some medical college websites host lecture notes/presentations on forensic topics. For example, one can find PDF notes on poisons or injury classification from sites like medicoapps or class share drives. YouTube: Search for specific topics – e.g. “Cyanide poisoning lecture” or “Postmortem changes tutorial” – often yields lectures by teachers (sometimes recorded during coaching classes or conference workshops). The channel of Dr. Anil Aggrawal (a renowned forensic expert) has some talks on odd cases and autopsies. Also, the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) forensic department has in the past uploaded public lectures on medico-legal autopsy procedures (these can be insightful).
  • Paid: Marrow/PrepLadder FMT – these platforms include FMT as a short subject; the videos (usually limited in number) cover high-yield areas like injury types, IPC sections, poisons, and sexual offenses. They are quite exam-focused and ensure all competencies from the MCI/NMC guidelines are touched (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year). Another resource is the textbook’s companion websites (e.g. Parikh’s or Gautam Biswas’ book might have question banks or supplementary material accessible via codes). Though not specific to FMT, Lecturio and Amboss include forensic topics under legal medicine (helpful mostly for quick reference or cases, e.g. Amboss has summary cards on poisoning antidotes).

Standard Textbooks:

  • Parikh’s Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology – a classic Indian text covering forensic medicine in detail, widely used for reference on legal aspects and toxicology cases.
  • K.S. Narayan Reddy’s Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology – another standard textbook focusing on practical aspects and likely the primary book for many students.
  • Review of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology by Gautam Biswas – a modern book aligned with competency-based curriculum (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year); it concisely covers all FMT competencies and is easy to revise from.
  • ** Modi’s Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology** – a comprehensive reference (more detailed than needed for exams, but authoritative, especially for legal reference).

Third Year MBBS (Clinical – Part I)

Subjects: Community Medicine, Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), and Ophthalmology. This phase introduces clinical subjects, emphasizing public health and minor specialties (MBBS Subjects For 2024: Year-Wise Syllabus And Structure.). (Forensic Medicine also concludes in this phase in many curricula). Students continue clinical postings for practical exposure.

Community Medicine (Preventive & Social Medicine)

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Epidemiology & Biostatistics: Principles of epidemiology (study designs, outbreak investigation), measures of disease frequency (incidence, prevalence), screening tests (sensitivity, specificity), and biostatistics basics (mean, median, tests of significance). (MBBS 3rd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books) (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year)
  • Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases: Epidemiology, prevention and control of common infectious diseases (TB, malaria, HIV, dengue, COVID-19, etc.) and non-communicable diseases (diabetes, hypertension, cancer).
  • Public Health and National Health Programs: Nutrition and health (malnutrition, micronutrient deficiencies), maternal and child health (antenatal care, immunization schedules, under-five child health), family planning, occupational health, environmental health (water, sanitation, waste management) (MBBS 3rd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books). Know the key points of India’s national health programs (like RNTCP for TB, NVBDCP for vector diseases, NHM, etc.).
  • Primary Health Care & Health Administration: Structure of health services in India (subcenter, PHC, CHC, etc.), health care delivery, management of health programs, health education and communication, as well as global health concepts. Also cover demography and vital statistics (birth/death rates, demographic cycle) and emerging topics like geriatrics and urban health (MBBS 3rd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books) (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year).
  • Basics of Research & Sociology: Behavioral sciences, health education methodologies, and an introduction to medical sociology, since community medicine often involves understanding social determinants of health.

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: SWAYAM/NPTEL Public Health courses – e.g. “Health Research Fundamentals” or “Biostatistics and Epidemiology” courses are available for free enrollment, providing structured content on epidemiological methods and stats. The World Health Organization’s OpenWHO platform has free short courses on outbreaks (like Epidemic Management) which can supplement epidemiology training. For health programs, refer to government resources: the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) website and NIHFW (National Institute of Health & Family Welfare) provide updated guidelines and modules (e.g. immunization program updates, RMNCH+A strategies). On YouTube, look for lectures by PSM faculty: channels like Community Medicine Simplified or recorded classes from institutes (some educators upload summaries of Park’s chapters). Also, Dr. Vivek Jain’s PSM lectures (author of a popular review book) occasionally appear in webinars or on Medico apps – these can be high-yield for revision.
  • Paid: PrepLadder/Marrow PSM – typically taught by specialists (like Dr. Vivek Jain on one platform), covering all chapters of Park’s textbook in video form. They emphasize recent updates (e.g. new vaccine introductions, latest survey data) which is crucial in community medicine. Lecturio Public Health – covers global health concepts, epidemiology, biostats, which can complement Indian context learning. Additionally, NIHFW e-learning (if accessible) sometimes provides paid certificate courses in public health topics that can reinforce learning in a structured way.

Standard Textbooks:

  • Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine – the bible of community medicine in India, covering all topics extensively. The latest editions include updated statistics and even modules in the new competency format (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year). It’s essential to study important chapters (Epidemiology, Screening, Statistics, Communicable diseases, etc.) from Park.
  • K. Mahajan & M.C. Gupta’s Textbook of Community Medicine – another reference that some students use for different explanatory style (and it’s updated with recent advances) (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year).
  • Preventive and Social Medicine by Vivek Jain – essentially a review book in notes format, very popular for exam revision. It condenses Park’s content into manageable points and includes past question answers.
  • Other References: Latest WHO reports or guidelines for reference (e.g. WHO immunization position papers for vaccines) and ICMR/NCDC guidelines for diseases can be useful for up-to-date info, but Park covers most needs for a self-study student.

Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Ear (Otology): Anatomy and physiology of the ear; diseases of the external ear (otitis externa, wax, tympanic membrane perforations), middle ear infections (acute and chronic otitis media, mastoiditis), complications of CSOM (mastoid abscess, CNS complications), inner ear disorders (vertigo, Meniere’s disease, noise-induced hearing loss). Common symptoms like ear pain and ear discharge and their causes (MBBS 3rd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books) are fundamental. Also cover hearing tests (tuning fork tests, audiometry) and basics of hearing aids.
  • Nose and Paranasal Sinuses (Rhinology): Rhinitis (allergic, infective), sinusitis (maxillary, frontal, ethmoidal sinus infections), nasal polyps, epistaxis (nosebleeds) and its management, deviated nasal septum, and an introduction to endoscopic sinus surgery.
  • Throat (Laryngology) and Head-Neck: Pharyngeal diseases (tonsillitis, pharyngitis, peritonsillar abscess), laryngeal disorders (laryngitis, vocal cord nodules, laryngeal paralysis), stridor causes, and basics of tracheostomy. Also include neck swellings (like lymphadenopathy, goiter basics in context of neck), tumors of the head and neck region (nasopharyngeal carcinoma, laryngeal cancer basics).
  • ENT Emergencies and Procedures: How to handle emergencies like airway obstruction, epistaxis, foreign bodies in ear/nose/throat. Basic ENT examinations (otoscopy, rhinoscopy, laryngoscopy basics) and minor procedures (ear syringing, nasal packing).

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Dr. Rajeev Dhawan ENT lectures – A YouTube series by an ENT professor (as mentioned on Reddit) covers many ENT topics in a clear, structured way (Free YouTube videos for optha and ent revision : r/indianmedschool). Look for playlists named by topic (ear, nose, throat). Dr. Bhanu Prakash has some animated concept videos on ENT anatomy and path (e.g. anatomy of the ear, mechanism of hearing) (Free YouTube videos for optha and ent revision : r/indianmedschool) which simplify learning. ENT teaching videos by major hospitals: e.g. AIIMS and PGI have at times shared public lectures on head-neck cancer awareness or ear surgery – these can give additional insights (though not systematically covering theory). Also consider the channel Med Vids Made Simple – ENT which provides short overview lectures on ENT topics (like basics of hearing loss, etc.) (ENT lecture | Otorhinolaryngology | Med Vids Made Simple – YouTube). For clinical skills, Geeky Medics (though UK-based) has free videos demonstrating ENT examinations (like how to examine the ear, nose and throat).
  • Paid: PrepLadder ENT – provides high-yield notes and lectures (often combined with Ophthalmology as “short subjects”). For example, Dr. Sakshi Arora (author of ENT-ophtha review) has content that distills ENT into must-know points and clinical cases. Marrow ENT – similarly, concise video lectures focusing on common ENT conditions, often integrated with surgery or medicine (e.g. approach to vertigo might be in medicine too). DAMS (Delhi Academy of Medical Sciences) and other coaching have ENT one-shot revision videos; if accessible, these can be useful near exam time. Lecturio has a smaller ENT module which can be used for a quick review of ear and throat anatomy and common pathologies, supplementing main studies.

Standard Textbooks:

  • Dhingra’s Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat – the standard UG textbook for ENT in India. It covers ENT conditions in sufficient detail for MBBS, including clinical methods and some surgical aspects. Most self-learners use Dhingra as the primary text, especially for topics like CSOM, DNS, etc.
  • P.L. Dhingra & Shruti Dhingra’s Comprehensive ENT – the updated editions include the latest concepts and are aligned with competency-based curriculum.
  • Mini (Manual) Reference: Diseases of ENT by Mohan Bansal or Manoj Khanna can be used as supplementary references, but Dhingra usually suffices.
  • For quick revision: ENT by Sakshi Arora (part of a short subjects review series) provides bullet-point summaries and Q&A which can be handy before exams.

Ophthalmology

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Eye Anatomy & Physiology: Basic anatomy of the eye and orbit, ocular physiology (how we see – image formation, phototransduction). Knowledge of these underpins understanding disease processes.
  • Refraction and Lenses: Refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, presbyopia) and their correction (glasses, contact lenses); understanding of optics, visual acuity testing.
  • Diseases of the Anterior Segment: Conjunctivitis (especially trachoma in community health context), corneal ulcers, keratitis, cataract (types, immature vs mature, etc.), glaucoma (open-angle, angle-closure – pathogenesis and management basics). These are high-yield topics in ophthalmology.
  • Diseases of the Posterior Segment: Basics of retinal diseases like diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, retinal detachment, macular degeneration. Also cover optic nerve disorders (papilledema, optic neuritis).
  • Neuro-ophthalmology: Visual pathway lesions (to understand field defects) and cranial nerve palsies affecting the eye movements.
  • Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Diseases: E.g. how diabetes, hypertension, vitamin A deficiency, or Graves’ disease affect the eyes.
  • Clinical Ophthalmology Skills: Assessing vision (Snellen’s chart), fundoscopy (direct ophthalmoscope findings for common conditions), slit lamp examination basics, tonometry (for intraocular pressure). Also, common eye surgeries and principles (cataract surgery, LASIK concept, etc.).

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Dr. Ajay Sharma’s Ophthalmology lectures – some YouTube channels (run by ophthalmology educators or coaching institutes) provide free lectures; search for terms like “ophthalmology crash course” or “one-day ophthal revision”. For instance, DBMCI (Delhi academy) had a free “Ophtha One-Shot” session accessible via their app (as noted by students) (Free YouTube videos for optha and ent revision : r/indianmedschool) – worth checking if still available, as it covers key topics in a single go. The channel Ophthalmology Made Easy (if available) can also be useful for topics like fundoscopy or cataract (some international ophthalmologists post patient-case-based discussions). Abhijeet Archives (YouTube/Instagram) sometimes shares tips for final-year subjects; if he has content on Ophthalmology, it might give exam-oriented points. Additionally, OphthoBook (an online free PDF and video series by Dr. Tim Root) is an excellent resource that simplifies ophthalmology; the videos (available on YouTube/Vimeo) break down complex topics with sketches and are very engaging for quick learning.
  • Paid: PrepLadder Ophthalmology – typically combined with ENT; covers all essential Ophthalmology topics aligned to the latest curriculum (e.g. community ophthalmology and recent advances like lasers). Dr. Parthopratim Majumder or other known faculty often highlight the must-know areas (like red eye causes, difference between various cataracts, etc.) in their lectures. Marrow Ophthalmology – similarly concise and high-yield. These platforms also provide image-based question practice (important as ophthalmology often involves identifying conditions from eye images). Lecturio Ophthalmology – offers structured lessons on eye anatomy and common diseases, which can complement study of textbook diagrams. Finally, reading clinical case discussions on forums like Medscape for ophthalmology can help in understanding how symptoms present (e.g. a case of acute angle closure glaucoma) – Medscape articles are free with registration and provide a nice applied perspective.

Standard Textbooks:

  • A.K. Khurana’s Comprehensive Ophthalmology – the go-to textbook for MBBS ophthalmology in India (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year). It covers theoretical aspects and includes a section on clinical methods and a brief on community ophthalmology. The latest edition is aligned with CBME (Competency Based Medical Education) guidelines (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year). It also comes with an atlas of ophthalmology which is very useful for a self-learner to visualize clinical signs.
  • Parsons’ Diseases of the Eye – another standard text, a bit more detailed in pathophysiology. Some students prefer certain topics from Parsons (like optics or retinal diseases) for clarity.
  • Review Books: Sudha Seetharam’s Review of Ophthalmology or Arvind Arora’s Ophthalmology (part of short subjects review) for quick revision and MCQs (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year). These can reinforce memory and are especially helpful to practice the kind of questions that might be asked in theory or viva.
  • Atlas/Additional: Clinical Ophthalmology by Kanski (very detailed, more for reference) or Basic and Clinical Science Course (BCSC) by AAO (advanced). These aren’t necessary for UG theory, but if deeper interest, they can be consulted for specific topics. However, for self-study roadmap, sticking to Khurana and revision guides should suffice.

Final Year MBBS (Clinical – Part II)

Subjects: Medicine (General Medicine and allied specialties), Surgery (General Surgery and allied), Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, plus short subjects like Psychiatry, Dermatology & Venereology, Orthopedics, and Anesthesiology. The final year (often extended over 1.5 years) encompasses the major clinical disciplines, preparing students for comprehensive patient care (MBBS Subjects For 2024: Year-Wise Syllabus And Structure.) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books). Emphasis is on clinical features, diagnosis, and management of diseases. Below, each subject includes its core theory topics, though practical skills would be acquired via clinical rotations.

Medicine (Internal Medicine)

Core Topics to Cover: (Medicine is vast; focus on common and significant conditions in each system.)

  • Cardiology: Ischemic heart disease (angina, myocardial infarction), heart failure, hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, valvular disorders, arrhythmias.
  • Respiratory: COPD, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, tuberculosis (very important in India), pleural effusion, pneumothorax.
  • Neurology: Stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic), epilepsy, meningitis/encephalitis, neuropathies, Parkinson’s disease, myasthenia gravis, and coma.
  • Gastroenterology: Peptic ulcer disease, acute abdomen (appendicitis etc. from medicine perspective), hepatitis (especially viral hepatitis), liver cirrhosis and its complications (ascites, encephalopathy), inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Nephrology: Acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis (nephrotic/nephritic syndromes), renal stones.
  • Endocrinology: Diabetes mellitus (pathophysiology and management), thyroid disorders (hypo/hyperthyroidism), adrenal disorders (Cushing’s, Addison’s), calcium metabolism (parathyroid, metabolic bone disease).
  • Hematology & Oncology: Anemias (iron deficiency, megaloblastic, hemolytic), leukemia, lymphoma, coagulation disorders, principles of cancer chemotherapy.
  • Infectious Diseases: Common infectious diseases and their management – enteric fever, malaria, dengue, HIV/AIDS (and opportunistic infections), COVID-19, and other emerging infections. Also hospital-acquired infections basics.
  • Allied Subjects Integration: Basics of Dermatology (common skin diseases like psoriasis, eczema, fungal infections, and sexually transmitted infections) and Psychiatry (common psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder) are often considered part of medicine training (MBBS Subjects For 2024: Year-Wise Syllabus And Structure.). Also, an introduction to Radiology (principles of X-ray, USG, CT, MRI interpretation) is integrated for diagnostic understanding.

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Online MedEd – A free video library (geared towards USMLE Step 2) that covers core medicine topics in an organized manner. Their concise videos on subjects like heart failure or liver disease can reinforce learning (though some guidelines are US-based, the pathophysiology is universal). Khan Academy Medicine – covers many internal medicine topics (e.g. videos on heart sounds, EKG basics, diabetes pathophysiology). Dr. Eric Strong’s “Strong Medicine” YouTube channel has excellent tutorials on EKG interpretation, acid-base disorders, and clinical reasoning. For specific conditions, Medscape articles (free with signup) are useful: they provide an overview of disease etiology, clinical presentation, and treatment – great for self-study to compare with textbook knowledge. Also, check if AIIMS or other Indian institutes have public lecture recordings – sometimes grand rounds or CME lectures (for example on tuberculosis or HIV) are available and can provide insight into management guidelines in India.
  • Paid: Marrow Medicine – a comprehensive set of video lectures by subject experts, covering all major and minor topics with case discussions and integration of allied topics (like Dermatology and Psychiatry are included in the Medicine module). It also includes an QBank and test series simulating NEET PG (which effectively reinforces final-year knowledge with clinical scenario questions) (Marrow for NEET PG – Edition 8). PrepLadder Medicine – led by renowned faculty (e.g. Dr. Deepak Marwah for medicine) (Prepare Medicine Online with Dr.Deepak Marwah at PrepLadder), focusing on conceptual clarity and important exam points (like tables of JVP waves, or criteria for diseases) – their notes are high yield for quick recall. Lecturio Internal Medicine – an organized approach to medicine topics with pre and post-video quizzes which ensure active learning. For those interested in additional practice, AMBOSS (subscription) is an interactive library and question bank covering all of medicine with an emphasis on clinical practice – useful for deepening understanding, though not India-specific.

Standard Textbooks:

  • Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine – the premier reference text for medicine. It’s very detailed; for self-study, focus on summary tables and key chapters of interest. Many consider Harrison’s as the “Bible of Medicine” (If you should read Harrison’s Principle of Internal Medicine in Final …), and it’s an excellent resource for clarifying difficult concepts or getting the latest perspective on diseases. (Harrison’s also has a companion handbook for quick facts.)
  • Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine – a highly recommended textbook for undergraduate level (standard book is bailey and love, and it is worth a read. But there is …). It’s more concise than Harrison’s and very readable, covering all systems in a straightforward manner. Many Indian students use Davidson’s as the main study text in final year for medicine.
  • API Textbook of Medicine – an Indian textbook by the Association of Physicians of India, which can be useful for local epidemiology and management practices. It often aligns with Harrison’s but includes Indian data and guidelines.
  • Manual of Clinical Medicine (e.g. by Mathew or Kumar & Clark’s Clinical Medicine) – for those focusing on clinical approach, Kumar & Clark is another comprehensive book, and there are smaller manuals that emphasize clinical examination and bedside diagnosis which are good adjuncts to theory (for bridging theory and practical).
  • Allied references: Neena Khanna’s Textbook of Dermatology (for skin and STD, as mentioned later) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books) and Niraj Ahuja’s Short Textbook of Psychiatry (for psychiatry basics) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books) are standard books often recommended, but core concepts from these allied fields are summarized in medicine textbooks and lecture notes as well.

Surgery (General Surgery and Allied)

Core Topics to Cover:

  • General Principles: Asepsis and antisepsis, wound healing, management of shock and trauma (ATLS basics), burns, blood transfusion, surgical infections. Pre-operative and post-operative care principles.
  • Gastrointestinal Surgery: Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract – acute abdomen (appendicitis being classic), peptic ulcer complications, gallstones and cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, intestinal obstructions, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal carcinoma. Also, hernias (inguinal, femoral, etc.), and ano-rectal disorders (hemorrhoids, fissure, fistula).
  • Breast & Endocrine Surgery: Breast diseases – fibroadenoma, breast abscess, breast cancer (including screening and basics of TNM staging). Thyroid swellings – goiter, thyroiditis, thyroid neoplasms; basics of hyperthyroidism management. Also touch upon adrenal and parathyroid briefly (integration with medicine).
  • Cardiothoracic and Vascular: Basics of ischemic heart surgical management (like CABG concept), valvular heart disease surgeries, aortic aneurysm, peripheral vascular disease basics, varicose veins, deep vein thrombosis. Also cover lung abscess, pneumothorax, pleural effusion (surgical perspective like chest tube insertion), and an overview of congenital heart diseases requiring surgery.
  • Neurological Surgery: Increased intracranial pressure management, head injuries (extra/subdural hematomas), spinal cord compression (like PIVD – sciatica), neurosurgical emergencies. Just basic understanding is expected at UG level.
  • Orthopedics & Trauma: (Often a separate exam subject but integrated for theory) – fractures (classification, healing, management principles), dislocations, spine injuries, osteomyelitis. (We list more under Orthopedics below.)
  • Urology: Kidney stones, urinary tract obstructions, benign prostatic hyperplasia, carcinoma prostate, basics of dialysis access.
  • Plastic Surgery Basics: Wound reconstructive options (skin grafting), cleft lip/palate awareness, and burn reconstruction principles.

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Surgery tutor YouTube channels – e.g. Dr. Naitik Shah’s surgery lectures or Dr. Rohit Aggarwal’s surgical teaching (hypothetical examples) sometimes appear via medical college uploads. Searching for specific topics like “bowel obstruction lecture MBBS” can yield some recorded classroom lectures. Medicosis Perfectionalis and Osmosis offer some surgical-topic videos (e.g. explaining appendicitis or trauma assessment) which help consolidate understanding. Incision Academy and YouTube channels like “Surgery 101” (from University of Alberta) provide short conceptual podcasts/videos on surgical conditions (Surgery 101 podcasts are free and cover topics like thyroid nodule or hernia in ~10 minutes). For imaging and surgical anatomy, consider free resources like Radiopaedia (for imaging cases) to correlate radiology with surgical conditions. Also, watching actual surgical videos (e.g. laparoscopic appendectomy) on platforms like YouTube or WebSurg can give a practical viewpoint – while not needed for theory, it reinforces anatomy and steps of management.
  • Paid: PrepLadder Surgery – delivered by leading surgery educators, it condenses the vast surgery syllabus into manageable modules. Important topics like trauma, breast, thyroid, abdominal surgical conditions are thoroughly covered with relevant clinical scenarios. High-quality graphics (for anatomy of hernia, etc.) and operative videos snippets are sometimes included to enhance understanding. Marrow Surgery – similarly covers general surgery along with orthopedics and anesthesia integration, often with updated guidelines (like latest ATLS algorithms or WHO surgical safety checklist). Both platforms include extensive question banks to practice clinical application of surgical knowledge (NEET PG-level questions which are scenario-based, e.g. a case of acute abdomen). Lecturio Surgery – useful to get an alternative explanation for topics you find challenging; it’s organized by systems and includes pediatric surgery bits too. Additionally, Surgical Recall (app or book) can be considered – it’s a Q&A style resource (paid/print) that many use in internship, but relevant in final year for oral exam prep (not mandatory, but helpful to self-test).

Standard Textbooks:

  • Bailey & Love’s Short Practice of Surgery – the quintessential surgery textbook for medical students (Bailey & Love’s Short Practice of Surgery – 28th Edition – Amazon.com). It’s comprehensive yet well-illustrated. Focus on key chapters (breast, thyroid, hernia, etc.) and use it to understand the principles and rationale of surgical treatments.
  • S.R.B. Manual of Surgery or Love & Bailey (Student’s Handbook) – Some prefer SRB’s Manual (by Sriram Bhat) which is an Indian textbook closely aligned with Bailey but slightly more concise. This can be easier to revise from.
  • Sabiston Textbook of Surgery – an American textbook, generally used as a reference. If something isn’t clear in Bailey or an update is needed, Sabiston can be consulted (optional).
  • Clinical Methods in Surgery (Das) – A Manual On Clinical Surgery by S. Das is very popular for learning clinical examination and differential diagnosis for surgical cases. While this is more for practical exams, it also reinforces the theory (e.g. reading about thyroid swellings exam in Das’s book helps understand the disease process).
  • Recent Advances: Keep an eye on any additions like the latest AIIMS protocols or WHO guidelines for trauma, sterilization etc., though your main study will revolve around textbook knowledge. (Some new NMC curriculum topics like WHO Safe Surgery checklist, biomedical waste management tie into surgery and PSM – ensure to cover those from community medicine resources or appendices of textbooks.)

Orthopedics

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Trauma Orthopedics: Fracture classification and healing, management of common fractures – e.g. fracture neck of femur, Colles’ fracture (wrist), both bones forearm fracture, tibia fracture. Principles of fracture management (plaster, traction, internal fixation) and complications (malunion, non-union, compartment syndrome). Dislocations and Sprains: Shoulder dislocation (common), hip dislocation, spinal injury (like prolapsed intervertebral disc, spinal cord compression signs).
  • Orthopedic Infections: Osteomyelitis (acute and chronic), septic arthritis – their presentation and management. Also tuberculosis of the spine/bones (Pott’s spine) is important in India.
  • Pediatric Orthopedics: Congenital disorders like developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH), clubfoot (CTEV), and rickets. Also, pediatric fractures and Salter-Harris classification (basics).
  • Orthopedic Neurology: Nerve injuries (e.g. radial nerve palsy in humeral fracture, common peroneal nerve palsy), carpal tunnel syndrome, sciatica. Basics of peripheral nerve injury management. (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books)
  • Joint Disorders: Osteoarthritis (esp. knee – features and non-surgical vs surgical management), Rheumatoid arthritis (basics, though detailed medicine aspect is in Medicine), gout (clinical features), common shoulder pathologies (rotator cuff injury).
  • Spine & Sports Medicine: Low back pain causes, prolapsed disc, spondylosis. In sports medicine – ligament injuries like ACL tear basics, tennis elbow, etc., and their conservative management.
  • Tumors: Basic understanding of bone tumors – benign (osteochondroma) vs malignant (osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma) – presentations and principle of treatment.
  • Rehabilitation: Importance of physiotherapy, orthotic and prosthetic devices for amputees (and rehabilitation of amputations).

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Dr. Nabil Ebraheim’s Orthopedic Videos – a highly recommended free resource on YouTube, where Dr. Ebraheim uses drawings to explain fractures, dislocations, anatomy, and nerve injuries. This is great for visualizing and memorizing orthopedic concepts (for example, his video on brachial plexus injuries or hip fractures are succinct). Bones and Spine (YouTube channel) – provides animated overviews of spine issues and orthopedic procedures. The OrthoClips website (some free clips) has short videos about orthopedic conditions and surgical techniques which can enhance understanding (like seeing how an intramedullary nail is placed). For trauma management, EMedicine/Medscape again has sections on orthopedic injuries which describe classifications and treatment in text form (handy for self-study).
  • Paid: Marrow Orthopedics – often taught by orthopedic surgeons, covering trauma, pediatric ortho, bone tumors, etc., with an approach geared towards both UG exams and competitive exams. They simplify classifications (like Garden classification for hip fracture) into digestible points and include lots of X-ray image discussions (since identifying fractures on X-ray is a common exam exercise). PrepLadder Orthopedics – similarly thorough; Dr. Apurv Mehra’s content, for instance, is known for making orthopedics easy with mnemonic and clinical correlations. These platforms also integrate Orthopedics with Surgery for some overlapping areas (e.g. they might discuss osteosarcoma in both surgery and orthopedics context). Orthobullets (an online resource popular with residents) can be used as a reference – it’s free to read, though technical; it provides bullet-point info on many conditions and can serve as a quick check for details like fracture classifications.

Standard Textbooks:

  • Maheshwari’s Essential Orthopaedics – the staple textbook for orthopedics in MBBS. It’s concise and covers all the must-know topics with adequate illustrations. For a self-studier, Maheshwari provides clear explanations of fracture management, common conditions, and even includes clinical methods in orthopedics.
  • Manual of Orthopaedics by Natarajan or Ebenezer – Some use these for additional guidance, but largely Maheshwari suffices. However, APIP’s Orthopedics (part of AIIMS protocol series) can be a good reference for updated management if available.
  • PGI or Arora Review Books: Arvind Arora’s review of short subjects includes a section for Orthopedics and can be useful for quick facts and Q&A practice (Best Books for MBBS 3rd Year).
  • Illustrated Orthopaedic Pathology – not needed separately; instead use the orthopedics chapters in Bailey & Love or surgery text for tumor discussions.
  • Note: During self-study, also look at X-ray atlases (there are small booklets or appendices in textbooks showing common fractures and their X-ray images – learning to identify these is useful theory-wise and clinically).

Anesthesiology

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Preoperative Evaluation: Assessment of patient fitness for anesthesia (history, ASA grading, airway evaluation such as Mallampati score, risk stratification) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books).
  • General Anesthesia (GA): Principles of GA, induction agents (e.g. propofol, thiopentone), maintenance (inhalational agents like sevoflurane, isoflurane), muscle relaxants, airway management (endotracheal intubation technique, use of laryngeal mask airway). Understand stages of anesthesia and monitoring (like use of pulse oximeter, capnography, BP, ECG) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books).
  • Regional Anesthesia: Spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia – indications, procedure, levels of blockade, complications (like spinal headache); local nerve blocks (e.g. brachial plexus block basics).
  • Postoperative Care: Recovery from anesthesia, monitoring in PACU, management of common complications (like airway obstruction, pain, postoperative nausea/vomiting). Basics of mechanical ventilation settings in ICU (not deep technical, just modes concept).
  • Emergency/Resuscitation: Basic life support (BLS) and Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) algorithms (as anesthesiologists handle codes often) – understanding of CPR, defibrillation. Also, techniques like bag-mask ventilation, intubation in emergency (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books).
  • Pain management: Acute pain (postoperative pain control methods like IV opioids, PCA, nerve blocks) and very basics of chronic pain management.
  • Anesthetic considerations: in special situations like in a pregnant patient (obstetric anesthesia), pediatric patient (differences in anatomy/pharmacology), and patients with comorbidities.

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Stanford Anesthesia Manual (online) – certain chapters are often freely accessible and provide a straightforward explanation of anesthesia basics. YouTube channels – e.g. Anesthesia Made Easy or Medcrine have short videos on anesthesia topics (like “spinal vs epidural” or “how anesthesia works”) which can be helpful. The New England Journal of Medicine has a free video on proper endotracheal intubation technique which is very instructive. Also, look for Life Support Training videos: the American Heart Association and Indian Resuscitation Council have BLS algorithm videos which are useful for understanding CPR steps.
  • Paid: Anesthesiology is usually a small part of UG curriculum, but Marrow/PrepLadder include it under short subjects. These platforms will typically have a few lectures covering anesthesia foundations and critical care basics (for example, ventilation modes, shock management overlap with medicine). Given that they highlight key points often asked in exams (like which anesthetic agent causes malignant hyperthermia, etc.), it’s a quick way to grasp high-yield facts. Lecturio Anesthesiology – contains some modules on anesthesia techniques and pharmacology, which can reinforce what you read in textbooks. Additionally, if deeply interested, the Indian Society of Anaesthesiologists (ISA) sometimes offers online modules for members that cover basics – if one can gain access, they are very educative (though usually aimed at postgraduates).

Standard Textbooks:

  • Oxford Handbook of Anaesthesia – a compact reference that covers all practical aspects; useful for a quick read on topics like airway management or anesthesia drugs. However, it might be too detailed for MBBS theory.
  • A Guide to Anaesthesia (by Ajay Yadav) – a popular concise textbook for undergraduates and beginning anesthesia trainees in India. It covers premedication, induction agents, muscle relaxants, types of anesthesia and complications in a very readable form. This is often recommended for MBBS students to get the basics.
  • Lee’s Synopsis of Anaesthesia – a more detailed text; selected chapters could be read if deeper insight needed, but not necessary for everyone.
  • Usually, direct questions in theory from anesthesia are few; but knowing anesthesia is helpful for medicine and surgery integration. Focus on summarizing key points from class notes or resources above if a dedicated textbook isn’t feasible. The small section in certain surgery textbooks or pharmacology (for anesthetic drugs) also helps.

Pediatrics

Core Topics to Cover:

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: WHO and UNICEF resources – e.g. WHO’s Management of Childhood Illness handbook (IMCI), and UNICEF guides on nutrition can be freely downloaded and provide practical approaches which supplement theory. Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) – the IAP often releases updated immunization schedules and guidelines; their official website or journal (Indian Pediatrics) might have open-access articles on common topics (like management of nephrotic syndrome in children, etc.). YouTube: Channels like “Unacademy NEET-PG” sometimes have free lectures targeting pediatrics (as demo classes), which can be useful since they summarize topics (search for “pediatrics revision NEET PG” on YouTube). Also, Dr. Santosh Konkar’s pediatrics lectures (if available) are known in some circles – covering pediatric cardiology or neonatology in simple terms. OPENPediatrics (by Boston Children’s Hospital) – although aimed at pediatric residents and critical care, it has some basic teaching videos and simulations (like how to do pediatric CPR) that can reinforce your understanding of pediatric emergencies.
  • Paid: Marrow Pediatrics – covers the entire pediatrics syllabus with emphasis on important conditions like pediatric TB, malnutrition, etc. Videos will often integrate clinical scenarios (for example, growth curve interpretation or vaccination case studies) and include image-based questions (recognizing rashes, identifying dehydration signs). PrepLadder Pediatrics – similarly thorough; faculty like Dr. Praveen Kumar or others break down neonatology and systemic pediatrics in a very exam-focused manner. Their notes include summary tables (e.g. differences between various congenital heart diseases, pediatric dose calculations) which are extremely useful. Lecturio Pediatrics – provides a good conceptual framework, especially for growth, development, and a system-wise disease approach; it can complement reading by clarifying concepts (like pediatric oncology basics or developmental milestones with visuals). Additionally, the IAP e-course (if any available to students) or NPTEL Pediatric courses (rare, but sometimes there are modules on child health) could be considered to reinforce structured learning.

Standard Textbooks:

  • O.P. Ghai’s Textbook of Essential Pediatrics – the standard and most recommended pediatrics textbook for medical students in India (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books). It covers all listed topics in a clear way and is updated with latest guidelines (like ORS composition, vaccine schedule, etc.). Use Ghai as the primary text for theory.
  • Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics – the exhaustive reference from the US. Not necessary to read cover-to-cover, but it’s useful for reference on complicated topics. Selective reading (like a specific syndrome or detailed pathophysiology of a disease) can be done if needed. However, for a self-study roadmap, focus on Ghai first, and use Nelson’s if clarification is needed or for additional details.
  • IAP Textbook of Pediatrics – an alternative reference with an Indian context (published by Indian Academy of Pediatrics). It sometimes has more community health and tropical disease focus relevant to India.
  • Clinical Pediatrics (Aruchamy/Maheshwari) – small books focusing on clinical examination and cases in pediatrics (similar to how “Das” is for surgery). Useful for oral exam preparation and to understand how to approach a pediatric case (like a child with anemia or a child with diarrhea). While practical in nature, going through some case discussions will solidify the theory too.
  • Illustrated Pediatrics by Luo or others – can be used to see images of clinical signs (like rash of measles vs chickenpox, or stages of PEM). However, Ghai includes photographs and diagrams that should suffice.

Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Core Topics to Cover:

  • Obstetrics:
  • Gynaecology:
    • Gynecological Anatomy & Physiology: Menstrual cycle physiology, hormones.
    • Menstrual Disorders: Amenorrhea (causes, evaluation) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books), abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) including fibroids (leiomyoma) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), dysmenorrhea, endometriosis.
    • Pelvic Infections: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), sexually transmitted infections in women, genital tuberculosis.
    • Benign Gynecological Conditions: Uterine fibroids (symptoms, treatment options), ovarian cysts (types like follicular, corpus luteum, dermoid), endometrial polyps.
    • Gynecologic Oncology: Basics of common cancers – cancer cervix (screening via Pap smear, VIA), carcinoma endometrium (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books), ovarian cancer types, trophoblastic neoplasia (gestational trophoblastic disease basics). Know risk factors, prevention, and principles of management (not in-depth chemotherapy protocols).
    • Obstetric/Gyn Procedures: Pap smear technique, dilatation and curettage (D&C) indications, basics of infertility workup (e.g. tests like HSG), and assisted reproductive technology overview (IVF basics).
    • Contraception: Temporary methods (OCs, condoms, IUCDs – CuT and Mirena, etc.), permanent methods (tubal ligation, vasectomy basics), emergency contraception. Indications, contraindications, and side effects of contraceptive options.
    • Others: Prolapse uterus (degrees, management), urinary incontinence basics, and National programs like family welfare program, and important aspects of reproductive health (like PCPNDT Act for sex determination law).

Recommended Online Resources:

  • Free: Dr. Prasonna’s OBG Lectures – some educators have uploaded comprehensive OBG lectures on YouTube; searching “OBG classes MBBS” might yield multi-part lecture series from local coaching or college channels. For example, a lecture titled “Management of Preeclampsia – OBG” or “Normal labor stages” might be found from academic uploads or exam prep channels. The WHO Reproductive Health Library offers videos and guidelines on managing obstetric emergencies (e.g. how to do active management of third stage of labor to prevent PPH). ICOG (Indian College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists) sometimes publishes public-friendly videos for patient education which inadvertently are good for students too (like animations of labor or C-section). Another useful resource: APGO’s Medical Student Educational Objectives (APGO is an American OBGYN association) – while not videos, their freely available objectives list ensures you don’t miss topics. Merck Manuals (Professional) also provides free summaries of obstetric and gynecologic conditions.
  • Paid: PrepLadder OBG – led by experts (e.g. Dr. Punit Bhojani or Dr. Sakshi Arora, who are well-known OBG teachers). These lectures cover obstetrics and gynecology in a very exam-oriented manner, often using flowcharts and bullet points that mirror how you should answer theory questions. They place strong emphasis on hypertensive disorders, labor management, contraceptives, and female reproductive cancers, which are commonly tested. Marrow OBG – similarly covers the breadth of OBG; with integrated visuals (they often show images like stages of cervical dilatation, or clinical photos of prolapse, etc.) to familiarize you with clinical signs. Both Marrow and PrepLadder include recent updates (like newer hypertensive disorder criteria or management protocols from FIGO). Lecturio OBGYN – a comprehensive set of videos that might help clarify physiology (like menstrual cycle or hormonal control) and pathology in gynecology using diagrams; it’s a good supplement if textbook reading gets dense.

Standard Textbooks:

  • DC Dutta’s Textbook of Obstetrics and DC Dutta’s Textbook of Gynecology – the standard texts in India for OBG, written with the undergraduate in mind. They cover all topics in detail and are updated with current guidelines. Use these as primary reading (especially obstetrics by Dutta for pregnancy and labor, and gynecology by Shaw or Dutta for gyn topics).
  • Shaw’s Textbook of Gynecology – another standard for gynecology (some medical colleges prefer Shaw’s for the gynecology part). It’s concise and well-structured for conditions like fibroids, carcinoma cervix, etc.
  • Holland & Brews Manual of Obstetrics – a classical book referenced historically (also mentioned in recommended lists) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books), but Dutta’s has largely taken its place. However, reading the chapters on mechanisms of labor from Holland & Brews can provide a very clear perspective.
  • John Hopkins Manual of Obstetrics (optional) – a simpler overview from an international perspective, can be used if more clarification needed.
  • Case discussion books: Practical Obstetrics and Gynecology by Sharmila Arun Babu or similar are useful for understanding how to present cases and manage them – tying theory to practice. They aren’t needed for theory per se, but reading a case of say, Preeclampsia management, in such a book after studying it theoretically can reinforce your learning.
  • Additional: Government of India guidelines on maternal health (like JSSK, Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram) and National Family Planning guidelines for contraception can be glanced through (these might appear as short notes in exams or viva questions). The textbooks often summarize these, so ensure you note those points.

Each of the resources and textbooks above will help you build a comprehensive understanding of MBBS theory subjects. A suggested approach is to follow the standard textbook for structured syllabus coverage, use online lectures to clarify and reinforce concepts, and then revise with notes and question banks. By progressing year-wise through this roadmap and utilizing the recommended materials, a dedicated self-learner can effectively cover the full MBBS theory curriculum independently. Stay consistent and integrate learning with real-world updates (e.g. new treatment guidelines) whenever possible (Marrow for NEET PG – Edition 8) ( PrepLadder Version X – The Ultimate Medical Preparation Course). Good luck on your journey to mastering MBBS theory!

Sources: The syllabus content and book recommendations are aligned with the Indian MBBS curriculum and standard references (MBBS Subjects For 2024: Year-Wise Syllabus And Structure.) (MBBS 1st Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise, Recommended Books) (MBBS 2nd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester, Recommended Books) (MBBS 3rd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books). The listed online resources include both freely accessible lectures and reputable paid platforms used by medical students ([[For 1st year MBBS] Free YouTube Lectures and (legit not pirated) notes & book recommendation] : r/MEDICOreTARDS](https://www.reddit.com/r/MEDICOreTARDS/comments/1fhl9ir/for_1st_year_mbbs_free_youtube_lectures_and_legit/#:~:text=Johari%20MBBS%C2%A0,has%20a%20useless%20telegram%20channel)) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books) (Marrow for NEET PG – Edition 8). Standard textbooks by authors like Vishram Singh, Guyton & Hall, KD Tripathi, Harsh Mohan, Park, Dhingra, Khurana, Harrison, Davidson, Ghai, and D.C. Dutta have been cited as commonly followed in India (MBBS 1st Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester-Wise, Recommended Books) (MBBS 2nd Year Subjects: Syllabus, Semester, Recommended Books) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books) (MBBS Final Year Subjects: Syllabus, 4th Year Syllabus, Semester-Wise Syllabus, Recommended Books). This roadmap synthesizes these sources to provide a structured self-study plan.

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